Basic introduction of 316 stainless steel plate

316 stainless steel is a popular austenitic stainless steel grade known for its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good formability. Below is a basic introduction to 316 stainless steel plate:

1. Composition

316 stainless steel contains:

• Chromium (Cr): 16–18% (provides corrosion resistance)

• Nickel (Ni): 10–14% (enhances ductility and toughness)

• Molybdenum (Mo): 2–3% (improves resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, especially in chloride environments)

• Carbon (C): ≤ 0.08% (low carbon version, 316L, has ≤ 0.03% for better weldability)

• Other elements: Manganese (Mn), Silicon (Si), Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S), and Iron (Fe) as the base.

2. Key Properties

• Corrosion Resistance: Superior to 304 stainless steel, especially in marine and chemical environments due to molybdenum.

• High-Temperature Resistance: Performs well up to ~870°C (1600°F) in intermittent service and ~925°C (1700°F) in continuous service.

• Strength & Durability: Tensile strength ~515 MPa (75 ksi), yield strength ~205 MPa (30 ksi).

• Formability & Weldability: Easily welded and fabricated (316L is preferred for welding to avoid carbide precipitation).

3. Common Applications

• Marine equipment (ship fittings, offshore platforms)

• Chemical & pharmaceutical processing tanks

• Medical implants & surgical instruments

• Food & beverage industry (brewery tanks, piping)

• Architectural applications in coastal areas

4. Available Forms & Finishes

• Thickness: Ranges from thin sheets (0.5mm) to thick plates (over 100mm).

• Surface Finishes:

  • No. 1 (Hot rolled, annealed)

  • No. 2D/2B (Cold rolled, matte/bright)

  • No. 4 (Brushed finish)

  • Mirror polish, embossed, etc.

5. Advantages Over 304 Stainless Steel

• Better resistance to chlorides, acids, and sulfates.

• Ideal for harsh environments (e.g., seawater, salt exposure).

6. Limitations

• More expensive than 304 due to molybdenum content.

• Requires proper passivation after welding for optimal corrosion resistance.

316 stainless steel plates are widely used where durability and corrosion resistance are critical. For extreme environments, 316L (low carbon) or 317L (higher Mo) may be preferred